Will be doing and will have done

May / might continuous form, Übungen,

Will be doing Check out this example situation: "Janeel loves soccer and this evening there's a great soccer match on television between Real Madrid and Barcelona. The match begins at 8.45 pm and ends at 10.30 pm. Dave wants to visit Janeel the same evening and wants to know the best time to come to his house." Dave: Hi Jaja, is it all right if I come at about 9.30? Janeel: Hi Dave, no, at that time I'll be watching the match. Dave: Well, what about 11.45? Janeel: That will be fine. The match will have finished by then. As you can notice, will be doing something refers to the future continuous and means will be in the middle of doing something. During this time - 8.45 to 10.30 - Janeel will be watching the match. Another example: Janeel is going on holiday in Cameroon on Friday. This time next week he'll be lying on a beach in Douala or swimming in the sea in Limbe. Will be (do)ing and will (do) Compare: Please don't call me between 7 and 8. We'll be having dinner then. Let's wait for Jazz to arrive and then we'll have dinner. Will be -ing with other continuous forms Compare: Yesterday, Jazz was working in her office. (past continuous) Now, Jazz is working in her office. (present continuous) Tomorrow, Jazz will be working in her office. (Futur continuous) Will be doing can also be used in a different way: to talk about complete actions in the furure Janeel: If you see Jazz, can you ask her to call me? Dave: Sure. I'll be seeing her this evening, so I'll tell her to call you then. Janeel: At what time will your friends be arriving tomorrow? Dave: I guess they'll be arriving at 4 pm. These examples are used similarly to the present continuous for the future. ! to ask about somebody's plans, especially if you want something or want them to do something Janeel: Will you be using your computer this evening? Dave: No, Do you want to borrow it? Janeel: Yes, I'll be working late tonight. Dave: Sure. You will be having it. Will have (done) Refer to the example above, it's used to mention that something will already be completed or finished. Janeel's soccer game ends at 10.30 pm, so after this time (e.g:. 10.45, 11.00 pm ...), the match will have finished. Examples: Janeel always leaves for school at 7.00 in the morning, so he won't be at home at 9 o'clock. He will have gone to school. We're late. The show will already have started by the time we get to the concert. Will have (done) with other perfect forms Compare: Cedric and Sheryl have been married for 24 years. (present perfect) Next year they will have been married for 25 years. (future perfect) They first child was born as they had been married for four years. (past perfect) Exercise 1: Put the verb into the correct form, will be (do)ing or will have (done). Example: Please don't call me between 7 and 8. We'll be having dinner then. Call me after 8 o'clock. We -- select -- will be finishing will have finished dinner by then. Tomorrow afternoon, Janeel and Jazz are going to play soccer from 3 o'clock till 4.30. So at 4 o'clock, they -- select -- will be playing will be played soccer. Janeel: Can we meet tomorrow afternoon? Jazz: Not in the afternoon. I -- select -- will be working. will be worked. Dave has to go to a meeting which begins at 10 o'clock. It will last about an hour. Jannel: will you be free at 11.30? Dave: Yes, the meeting -- select -- will have finishing will have finished by that time. If you need to contact me, I -- select -- will be staying will be stayed at work until midnight. Do you think you -- select -- will still be doing will still be done the same job in twenty years' time? Sylvia spends money very quick. This way, she -- select -- will have spending will have spent her pay before the end of the month. Jazz is doing a world tour. By the end of the trip she -- select -- will have traveling will have traveled more than 10,000 miles. Next Sunday, Chris -- select -- will have being will have been in Paris for exactly 2 years. Exercise 1: Call me after 8 o'clock. We will have finished dinner by then. Tomorrow afternoon, Janeel and Jazz are going to play soccer from 3 o'clock till 4.30. So at 4 o'clock, they will be playing soccer. Janeel: Can we meet tomorrow afternoon? Jazz: Not in the afternoon. I will be working . Dave has to go to a meeting which begins at 10 o'clock. It will last about an hour. Jannel: will you be free at 11.30? Dave: Yes, the meeting will have finished by that time. If you need to contact me, I will be staying at work until midnight. Do you think you will still be doing the same job in twenty years' time? Sylvia spends money very quick. This way, she will have spent her pay before the end of the month. Jazz is doing a world tour. By the end of the trip she will have traveled more than 10,000 miles. Next Sunday, Chris will have been in Paris for exactly 2 years.

May and Might (2)

May and Might (2) May and might are used to mention possible actions or happenings in the future. I haven't decided yet where to spend my holidays. I may go to Cameroon. ==> Maybe I will go to Cameroon. Take an umbrella with you when you go out. It might rain later. ==> Maybe it will rain The bus doesn't always come on time. We might have to wait a few minutes. ==> Maybe we will have to wait. The negative forms are: for may ==> may not; Example: Jazz may not come to the party tonight. She isn't good. ==> Maybe she will not come. There might not be a meeting on Thursday, because the managing director is sick. ==> Maybe there will not be a meeting. P.S.: In fact, it really doesn't matter whether you use may or might. It's all the same with a small nuance that doesn't affect the meaning of the sentence. Check this out: I may go to Cameroon.   or   I might go to Cameroon. Jazz might be able of heling you.   or   Jazz may be able of helping you. But: You only can use might (not may), when the situation appears to be real. If I knew them better, I might invite them to dinner The situation is not real, because I don't know tem very well, so I'm not going to invite them. As you can notice, may is also not possible in this example! The continuous form of may / might is may / might be + -ing. See also will be + -ing. Tell him not to call me at 9.00 pm. I'll be watching soccer on television. Tell him not to call me at 9.00 pm. I might be watching ? soccer on television. ==> Maybe I'll be watching it. The continuous form is also used to express possible plans. Jazz is going to Cameroon next year. ==> for sure. Jazz might be going to Cameroon next year. ==> possible. It's also possible to say: Jazz may go to Cameroon next year, with little difference of meaning. May as well / might as well Check these examples out: Jazz:        We have just missed the bus. It runs every one hour. Janeel:    What shall we do? Shall we go on foot? Jazz:        We might as well.                 The weather is awesome and there's no need to wait an hour here! Might as well do something actually means should do something; the reason: there's nothing better to do and there's no reason not to do it. ==> may as well. Sylvia:                        What time are you leaving? Jazz and Janeel:        We're ready, so we might as well go now.                             ==> we may as well go now. The buses are so expensive these days, you might as well get a taxi. ==> taxis are just as good, no more expensive. Übungen Übungen 1 Write these sentences in a different way using may or might. Example: Maybe Jazz is in her car. ==> She might be in her car. Maybe Jazz is busy. Maybe she is working. Maybe she wants to be alone. Maybe she was sick yesterday. Maybe she was working yesterday. Maybe she went home early. Maybe Jazz had to go home early. Übungen 2 Write these sentences in a different way using may not or might not. Maybe Jazz doesn't want to see me. Maybe she wasn't feeling good yesterday. Maybe Jazz isn't working today. Maybe Jazz will not take photographs in the museum. Maybe students couldn't use the staff car park.

May and Might

May and might (1) May and might are used to mention that something is possible or is a possibility. Check this example situations out: He is may be in his car. ==> Maybe he is in his car. He might be having lunch. ==> Maybe he is having lunch. Ask Sylvia. She might know. ==> Maybe she knows. Usually, may or might can be used by saying for example: It may be true. or It might be true. ==> Maybe it is true. She might know. or She may know. ==> Maybe she knows. The negative forms are: for may ==> may not; Example: I may not have enough time to stay. ==> Maybe I don't have enough time to stay. for might ==> might not or mightn't. Example: It might not be true. ==> Maybe it isn't true. The following structure gives a detailled use of may and might: I / you / he etc. may might (not) be (true / in his car etc.) be (doing / having / making etc.) do / make / have / want / play etc. To express the past, we can use may have (done) or might have (done): A: I wonder why Jazz didn't answer the phone. B: She may have been taking a nap. ==> Maybe she was taking a nap. A: I can't find my backpack anywhere. B: You might have left it in the shop. ==> Maybe you left it in the shop. A: I was surprised that Janeel wasn't at the meeting. B: He might not have known about it. ==> Maybe he didn't know about it. A: I wonder why Sylvia was in such a bad mood yesterday. B: She may not have been feeling good. ==> Maybe she wasn't feeling good. The following structure gives a detailled use of may have and might have: I / you / he etc. may might (not) have been (at home / in his car / asleep etc.) been (doing / having or taking a nap / making etc.) done / made / had / wanted / played / seen etc. It happens sometimes that Could the same meaning as may and might has and can be used as such. A car is honking. It could be Dave. ==> It may / might be Dave. You could have left your backpack in the shop. ==> You may / might have left your backpack... But couldn't, the negative form of could has a different meaning as may not and might not. Compare this two examples: James was driving too fast, he couldn't have seen you. ==> It is not possible that he saw you. A: I wonder why she didn't say hello passing by. B: She might not have seen you. ==> Maybe she didn't see you; Maybe she did.

Gerund and Infinitive (1)

Words followed by an infinite verb with or without "to" Use Example after certain adjectives and their comparisons It's impossible to recover so fast! after certain verbs (without "to") You must come later

Gerund and Infinitive

Gerund Form: infinitive + - ing Use: - ing form used as a noun. The gerund always has the same function as a noun!!! Use Example Gerund used as subject of a clause Walking is good for our health. Gerund used as object of a sentence I prefer joking. Gerund after certain adjectives I'm sorry about being late! Gerund after certain prepositions He wrote back instead of calling me! Gerund after certain verbs Jazz really enjoys dancing. Gerund after certain verbs with prepositions He always complains about doing his homework. Gerund after certain nouns There's a possibility of making a choice. Words followed either by infinitive or - ing-Form Use Example same meaning I preferred to dance I prefered dancing . same meaning but different use Jazz allows me to go by train. Jazz allows me going by train. different meaning He stopped to smoke when I came in. He stopped smoking for good. infinitive or present participle I saw Jazz go upstairs. I saw Jazz going upstairs.

Gerund and Infinitive►►